A method and apparatus for optimizing transmission performance of a mobile terminal by adjusting a matching value of the transmitter of the mobile terminal based on the allocation information from the network are provided. The transmission performance optimization method of a mobile terminal according to the present invention includes acquiring allocation information from a network, searching for a group of information matching the allocation information from a predetermined mapping table, generating a control signal for adjusting a match value according to the group, and adjusting the matching value of a transmitter of the mobile terminal by changing impedance according to the control signal.