A hydraulic shock absorber includes: a cylinder which demarcates a piston oil chamber and a rod oil chamber; an outer cylinder body which demarcates between the cylinder and the outer cylinder body a reflux path that connects the piston oil chamber and the rod oil chamber with each other and which demarcates between a damper case and the outer cylinder body a reservoir chamber; and a valve structure mounted to the cylinder and the outer cylinder body. The valve structure has a valve for controlling an oil flow between the piston oil chamber and the reflux path and between the piston oil chamber and the reservoir chamber. The valve structure comprises a first valve structure mounted to an open end of the cylinder and a second valve structure mounted to an open end of the outer cylinder body. A cylinder assembly and an outer cylinder assembly are independently arranged.