Disclosed are an anode active material for secondary batteries, capable of intercalating and deintercalating ions, comprising a core comprising a crystalline carbon-based material and a composite coating layer comprising one or more materials selected from the group consisting of low crystalline carbon and amorphous carbon, and a metal and/or a non-metal capable of intercalating and deintercalating ions, wherein the composite coating layer comprises a matrix comprising one component selected from one or more materials selected from the group consisting of low crystalline carbon and amorphous carbon and a metal and/or a non-metal capable of intercalating and deintercalating ions, and a filler comprising the other component, incorporated in the matrix, and a secondary battery comprising the anode active material.