A novel soybean variety, designated XBP48009 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XBP48009, cells from soybean variety XBP48009, plants of soybean XBP48009, and plant parts of soybean variety XBP48009. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XBP48009 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic trait, a mutant trait, and/or a native trait into soybean variety XBP48009, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XBP48009, and methods of characterizing soybean variety XBP48009. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XBP48009 are further provided.