Provided are an apparatus and method of obtaining a high resolution image using multi-band combination filters. The apparatus includes a high frequency extraction unit to extract a high frequency image from a low resolution input image through filtering operations performed in parallel, a high frequency expansion unit to expand the high frequency image to generate an expanded high frequency image, an image expansion unit to expand the low resolution input image to generate an expanded input image, and an image combination unit to combine the expanded high frequency image and the expanded input image.