A nitrogen-containing graphene structure has a graphene structure including a monolayer or multilayer graphene nanosheet and nitrogen introduced into the graphene structure. The nitrogen-containing graphene structure preferably includes the above-described graphene structure having a sheet portion comprised of a monolayer or multilayer graphene nanosheet and containing, at an edge portion thereof, an armchair edge-face portion and a terminal six-membered ring bound to the armchair edge-face portion while sharing only one side therewith; and a nitrogen-containing functional group bound to any one or more carbon atoms selected from (a) the carbon atoms constituting the terminal six-membered ring but not bound to the armchair edge-face portion, and (b) the carbon atoms constituting the sheet portion (including the carbon atom on the side shared by the terminal six-membered ring). A phosphor dispersion is a dispersion of such a nitrogen-containing graphene structure in a solvent.