Techniques and solutions are provided for adaptive input language switching. Automatic switching of a current input language can be performed by receiving an indication of a first language of displayed content (where the current input language is set to a second language different from the first language), receiving a selection of a text input area, and based on the selection, automatically switching the current input language from the second language to the first language. Switching of the current input language can also be performed by providing convenient user interface elements for selection by a user to automatically switch the current input language.