The present invention provides a digital inkjet printing synchronous control device, which comprises: a storage unit, for storing data of various colored surfaces; a control unit, for controlling an interactive processing unit to perform data receiving, storage and sending as well as generation of a printing trigger signal; and the interactive processing unit, under the control of the control unit, for receiving from a front-end system of a digital inkjet printing apparatus the data of the colored surfaces, storing the received data into the storage unit, sending the stored data to a back-end system of the digital inkjet printing apparatus, generating, according to a signal from a peripheral encoder and/or color code sensor of the digital inkjet printing apparatus, printing trigger signals of the colored surfaces, and sending the printing trigger signals to the back-end system of the digital inkjet printing apparatus. Correspondingly, the present invention provides a digital inkjet printing synchronous control method. Therefore, continuous printing of pages having different sizes and multiple colored surfaces can be implemented.