The present invention provides a composite material panel structure and a manufacturing method thereof with which an anti-lightning function can be realized without adding a separate anti-lightning structure to the composite material panel structure. In a composite material panel structure formed from a composite material panel containing reinforcing fibers, the composite material panel includes: a fiber-reinforced base material impregnated with a matrix resin; a conductive mesh sheet disposed on one surface side of the fiber-reinforced base material; and a bag film disposed on the one surface side of the fiber-reinforced base material so as to sandwich the conductive mesh sheet. The conductive mesh sheets of a plurality of the composite material panels are electrically connected to each other.