There is provided an economical vehicle vibration suppression device capable of efficiently reducing a vortex with a smaller number of devices and controlling the speed of movement in a vehicle longitudinal direction of the vortex.The vehicle vibration suppression device includes a pair of ducts, a pressure control device, and a control unit. The ducts, below a floor surface of a vehicle body, are mounted adjacent to at least a pair of bogies on which the vehicle body is mounted. The ducts are arranged in a direction perpendicular to a traveling direction of the vehicle body and mounted so as to penetrate through both side surfaces of the vehicle body. The pressure control device is mounted within each of the ducts and has openings, one of the openings serving as an intake port and the other opening serving as a discharge port. The pressure control device generates a pressure difference in each of the ducts. The control unit controls start and stop of suction performed by the pressure control device while determining a side surface of the vehicle to be subjected to the suction by the pressure control device on the basis of current distance information of the railway vehicle during currently traveling. The control unit suppresses vibration by driving the pressure control device and sucking a vortex caused by turbulence of air flow generated at a portion of the bogie when the railway vehicle passes through the tunnel.