Provided is a magnetic field detection device and a current sensor capable of increasing the degree of freedom in selecting the type of the magnetic field detection element.A magnetic field detection device 1 includes a conductor 3 that generates a magnetic field; a C core 2 provided so as to surround the conductor 3; and a magnetic field detection element 4 that detects a magnetic field. The C core 2 has a gap G1, and the magnetic field detection element 4 is disposed at a position where the magnetic field generated from the conductor 3 can be detected, the position being outside the gap G1. Since the direction of the magnetic flux varies outside of the gap G1 from place to place, the direction of the magnetic flux that passes through the magnetic field detection element 4 can be arbitrarily selected by arbitrarily selecting the installation location of the magnetic field detection element 4. Therefore, the degree of freedom in selecting the type of the magnetic field detection element 4 is increased.