A fiber-reinforced resin composition which is capable of providing a light-weight molded article that has a high mechanical strength. The fiber-reinforced resin composition contains (A) a thermoplastic resin and (B) resin-impregnated filament bundles containing rayon fibers. The rayon fibers of the component (B) have a fiber diameter of 5-30 μm and an X-ray orientation degree of 86% or more. The resin-impregnated filament bundles are obtained by: tying 2,000-30,000 rayon fibers of the component (B) lined up in the longitudinal direction together in a bundle; integrating the bundle of the rayon fibers by impregnating the bundle with the thermoplastic resin of the component (A) in a molten state; and then cutting the integrated bundle into pieces 3-30 mm long.