A computer-implemented method for variable-length chunking may include 1) identifying a first data stream subject to deduplication, 2) identifying a predetermined chunk of the first data stream that starts at a first location and ends at a second location within the first data stream, 3) identifying a second data stream with a matching chunk for the predetermined chunk that starts at a third location and ends at a fourth location within the second data stream, 4) identifying a subsequent chunk within the second data stream that starts at the fourth location and ends at a fifth location within the second data stream, 5) calculating a candidate boundary offset within the first data stream based on exceeding the second location by a difference between the fifth location and the fourth location, and 6) performing a boundary test at the candidate boundary offset. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are disclosed.