A method for optimizing the resources of a data transmission, based on a set of pairs of modulation and first correcting code, includes: determining, for each pair, maximum rate of a second correcting code applied to data transmitted before application of the first correcting code and of modulation wherein the error rate in data received is maximum a target error rate; the second correcting code applied at the medium access layer, to generate packets of redundancy bits based on packets of data bits received supplemented with padding sections, all having the same size; evaluating an item of information representative of the ratio between bits at input of the medium access layer and bits actually transmitted or of transmission bitrate required for solutions associating modulation, first and second correcting codes; selecting, from among solutions associating modulation, first and second correcting codes, to maximize the ratio or to minimize the transmission bitrate.