Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and a device for compensating for a time path. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, on the basis of not changing implemented 1588 synchronization architecture, a compensation unit is added on a service board unit, the compensation unit calculates a compensation time value for asymmetrical reception and transmission of fiber links and transfers the compensation time value into the service board unit, and the service board unit implements automatic compensation according to a port status. The method and the device for compensating for a time path according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may implement automatic compensation for receiving and sending fiber links without manually testing the asymmetry of links node by node, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure can be widely applied in time synchronization networks.