An inspection system employs a cased pipeline structure, a pulse generator system, a data acquisition system, and a processing system. The cased pipeline structure comprises a casing pipe structure, a carrier pipe structure arranged within the casing pipe structure to define an annular space, and fill material arranged within the annular space. The pulse generator system is configured to apply an electromagnetic signal to the cased pipeline structure. The data acquisition system is configured to detect electromagnetic signals propagating along the cased pipeline structure. The processing system analyzes electromagnetic signals detected by the data acquisition system for signal characteristics indicative of an anomaly in the cased pipeline structure.