The inorganic optical filter of the invention consists of a NdF3 single crystal. The optical element of the invention comprises a wavelength conversion element wherein incident light is subjected to wavelength conversion to twice the frequency by quasi-phase-matching using primary matching or tertiary matching, and emitted, and an inorganic optical filter situated in the optical path of light emitted from the wavelength conversion element, wherein the wavelength conversion element consists of a ferroelectric fluoride single crystal represented by Ba1−y(Mg1−xZnx)1+yF4 (where 0≦x≦1, and −0.2≦y≦0.2), and the inorganic optical filter consists of a NdF3 single crystal.