The vertical support structure includes a half tube and a mounting member. The half tube has an inner surface defining a receiving space and formed with a series of axially spaced-apart helical groove halves. The mounting member is connected to an outer surface of the half tube. A lifting device is also disclosed, and includes a plurality of the vertical support structures, a plurality of rotation units, a plurality of slide housings, a lift carrier, a drive motor and a plurality of transmission units.