The present invention discloses a safety protection device of an electronic device touch screen including a detection module, a control processing module and a self-destroying/alarming execution module, wherein the detection module is used for applying excitation signals on an electrical pin of the touch screen and detecting corresponding electrical characteristic value to serve as characteristic information, and the control processing module is used for receiving the characteristic information and judging whether the characteristic information is in consistency with prestored standard characteristic information, controlling normal working of the electronic device if the result of judgment is yes and controlling the electronic device to stop working and enabling the self-destroying/alarming execution module to carry out actions of self information destroying/alarming transmission if not. The device of the present invention can greatly improve safety performance of electronic device. Simultaneously, the present invention provides a corresponding safety protection method.