A two-component developer of the present disclosure contains a carrier and toner particles. The carrier includes a carrier core, a first layer coating a surface of the carrier core, and a second layer coating a surface of the first layer. The first layer contains a fluorine-based resin, and the second layer contains a polyamide-imide resin and/or a melamine resin. The toner particles each include a toner core containing a binder resin and a shell layer coating a surface of the toner core. The shell layer contains a thermosetting resin.