A computer-implemented method for rendering mapping data is provided. The method includes obtaining mapping data for displaying a map image, wherein the mapping data comprises data of an image corresponding to a view plane, the view plane comprising an imaginary plane formed perpendicular to a direction of a viewer's line of sight. The method also includes projecting the obtained mapping data onto a reference view plane, identifying a user-selected view plane in which to display the map image, transforming the projected mapping data to correspond to the identified user-selected view plane, and generating the map image based on the transformed mapping data. Systems and machine-readable media are also provided.