A rubber foam oil-absorbing material and preparation method thereof, the rubber foam oil-absorbing material including: 100 parts of a mixture of natural rubber and butadiene rubber, 4-8 parts of N,N-dinitroso pentamethylene tetramine, 1-8 parts of 4,4′-oxydibenzenesulfonyl hydrazide, 1-6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 0.3-0.8 part of diphenyl guanidine, 0.2-0.5 part of zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate, 0.1-0.5 part of 2,2′-dithio-dibenzo thiazole, 0.1-0.3 part of tetramethyl thiuram disulfide, 3-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid, and 0.5-1.5 parts of sulfur. The rubber foam oil-absorbing material uses the mixture of the natural rubber and butadiene rubber as the matrix, which is low in cost and has higher oil-absorption rate. The rate of oil-absorption from dimethylbenzene by the rubber foam oil-absorbing material can reach 48.6 g/g, and the rate of oil-absorption from dimethylbenzene is also above 30 g/g. The preparation method is simple and convenient to realize industrial production.