A set of virtualized computing services may include multiple types of virtualized data store differentiated by characteristics such as latency, throughput, durability and cost. A sequence of captures of a data set from one data store to another may be scheduled to achieve a variety of virtualized computing service user and provider goals such as lowering a probability of data loss, lowering costs, and computing resource load leveling. Data set captures may be scheduled according to policies specifying fixed and flexible schedules and conditions including flexible scheduling windows, target capture frequencies, probability of loss targets and/or cost targets. Capture lifetimes may also be managed with capture retention policies, which may specify fixed and flexible lifetimes and conditions including cost targets. Such data set capture policies may be specified with a Web-based administrative interface to a control plane of the virtualized computing services.