An optical element includes an antireflection film. The antireflection film includes an uppermost layer having a refractive index nd of 1.20 to 1.30, a high refractive index layer having a refractive index of 2.00 to 2.40, and at least one of an intermediate refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.55 to 1.70 and a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.40 to 1.52. The predetermined condition is satisfied.