An installation for the dry transformation of a material microstructure of semi-finished products, especially for dry bainitization, includes a quenching chamber and a microstructure transformation chamber situated downstream from it in the processing flow, in each case the inner space of the two chambers having applied to it excess gas pressure, at least during the respective method step, for the transformation of the material microstructure. Device(s) are provided for maintaining a minimum excess gas pressure acting on the semi-finished product, during the moving of the semi-finished product from the quenching chamber into the microstructure transformation chamber.