A method for probabilistic processing of data, wherein the data is provided in form of a data set S composed of multidimensional n-tuples of the form (x1, . . . , xn), is characterized in that an n-dimensional data structure is generated by way of providing a bit matrix, providing a number K of independent hash functions Hk that are employed in order to address the bits in the matrix, and inserting the n-tuples (x1, . . . , xn) into the bit matrix by computing the hash values Hk(x) for all values x of the n-tuple for each of the number K of independent hash functions Hk, and by setting the resulting bits [Hk(x1), . . . , Hk(xn)] of the matrix. Furthermore, a respective system is disclosed.