An image obtaining apparatus and an image obtaining method are provided. The image obtaining apparatus including a light source configured to generate excitation light causing a fluorescent label of a biological sample to emit light; an image sensor; an optical system configured to cause the image sensor to form a fluorescent image of the partial area of the biological sample; a movement control unit; a generation unit configured to continuously expose the image sensor during the movement of the focal position of the optical system, and to generate a long-time exposed image of the partial area; and a calculation unit configured to analyze a frequency of the generated long-time exposed image, and to calculate positional information in the optical axis direction of the fluorescent label by using at least results of the analysis.