The present invention provides an active substrate and a display device for realizing color display of an electronic paper. The active substrate comprises a first substrate and a pixel electrode layer formed on the first substrate, and further comprises a color filter layer formed on the pixel electrode layer and a protective layer formed on the color filter layer, wherein the color filter layer comprises: a red sub-pixel unit, a green sub-pixel unit and a blue sub-pixel unit that are sequentially arranged; wherein the materials of the red sub-pixel unit, the green sub-pixel unit and the blue sub-pixel unit are quantum dot materials that emit red light, green light and blue light respectively when excited by the ambient light. The display device according to the present invention comprises an electrophoretic display device and an electrowetting display device.