The present invention provides a data processing method based on a cache node group for data caching, where each cache node in the group includes a local replacement-allowable data storage space for storing data accessed by a local client and a collaborative replacement-allowable data storage space for storing data content accessed by a non-local client. By using the data processing method to process data content stored in the local replacement-allowable data storage space and the collaborative replacement-allowable data storage space of the cache node, the clients can obtain data more accurately and directly during access to the cache node, thereby meeting different requirements for local optimization of the cache node.