An image-forming apparatus to process a job includes volatile memory, non-volatile memory, a judging unit, a calculating unit, a defining unit, and a controller. The volatile memory stores a generated error log using a memory area. The non-volatile memory stores information for identifying an overwrite restricted error. The judging unit judges whether a generated error is a particular error. The calculating unit calculates remaining memory which is changed by a subsequent error log being written secured, with a position where a particular error log is written in the volatile memory as a reference, where the error is the particular error. The defining unit defines an acquisition level of an error log in a stepwise manner based on the calculated remaining memory. The controller outputs an error log to an apparatus according to the defined acquisition level being a particular level at which an error log has to be output.