A light-emitting diode (LED) lighting control system including: a central control device configured to transmit a lighting control signal, which is based on a unidirectional or bidirectional communication protocol, to a plurality of channels; a converter configured to be connected to one of the channels and determine whether the lighting control signal is based on the unidirectional communication protocol or the bidirectional communication protocol in response to the lighting control signal including channel information of the converter; and a driver configured to be connected to the converter and control the operation of a plurality of LED modules in accordance with a control data signal transmitted by the converter.