The present invention provides an emergency evacuation apparatus comprises: an annular floating body (1) having a hollow chamber of watertight construction, a midsection thereof having a circular or oval cross-section; a support (2) on which the annular floating body is placed; and guiding member (3) for passing through a central space in the annular floating body so that there is play therebetween and vertically guiding the annular floating body, the guiding member being secured to the support, whereby the floating body capable of accommodating people and possessions floats during a flood or tsunami, and the floating body can return to an original installation location when the flood or tsunami ends.