A method, apparatus and electronic device for positioning a device based on a device cooperative system are disclosed. A display screen of a first electronic device is divided into M regions on which N kinds of patterns are displayed; a first cooperative device acquires a pattern of a region where the first cooperative device locates and transmits pattern information to the first electronic device; after receiving the pattern information, the first electronic device judges whether a preset positioning condition is met, and if it is not, adjusts the regions in the display screen to make the first cooperative device continue to acquire the pattern of the region where the first cooperative device locates until the preset positioning condition is met; after the preset positioning condition is met, the first electronic device determines the position where the first cooperative device locates based on the pattern information.