Security printing paper based on a chipless radio frequency (RF) tag and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The security printing paper based on a chipless RF tag includes first base paper, second base paper, and one or more chipless RF tags. The chipless RF tags are disposed between the first base paper and the second base paper. At least one layer configured to prevent the locations of the chipless RF tags from being exposed to the outside and to enable the security printing paper to be detected is formed on one or more of the first base paper and the second base paper.