Disclosed are a production process of a display device, which can prevent the oxidation of a lower electrode and can maintain luminescence efficiency, high contract, and durability, and a display element. The display element comprises a first electrode, a luminescent layer, a second electrode, and a transparent substrate. The first electrode comprises a metal layer and a corrosion-resistant charge injection accelerating layer. The corrosion-resistant charge injection accelerating layer has been formed by subjecting a surface layer in the metal layer to plasma treatment using an oxygen atom-containing gas.