An image sensor 2 includes: a photoelectric conversion layer 1d including a plurality of photosensitive cells; a reflective layer 1c that reflects light that has been transmitted through the photoelectric conversion layer 1d; a micro lens layer 1a that includes a plurality of micro lenses that are arranged between the photoelectric conversion layer 1d and the reflective layer 1c; and a transmitted light controlling layer 1b that is arranged between the photoelectric conversion layer 1d and the reflective layer 1c and that is able to change optical transmittance in accordance with an instruction given by a controller. The micro lens layer 1a is arranged so that light that has been transmitted through one of the photosensitive cells and then reflected from the reflective layer 1c is incident on the same photosensitive cell again.