A test strip detection system, comprising a test strip card (1) and a detection device (2); the test strip card (1) comprises a card box (16), a built-in test strip (15) and an electronic label (20) matched with the built-in test strip (15); the electronic label (20) stores parameters such as the standard working curve of an object to be detected and the like; the detection device (2) comprises an optical system (3), a photoelectric detector (4), an analog/digital converter (5), a data processing device (6), an electronic label read-write module (10) with an aerial (11), a voice module (34), a cell box (7) and an output display device (8). The system further comprises a wireless communication module (12) and a wireless network system (13) connected with the wireless communication module (12) and comprising a remote server (14). The data processing device (6) calculates a sample detection result according to the characteristic frequency optical signals transmitted by a test strip detection band (27) and a quality control band (28) in combination with an electronic label (20) transmission parameter; the detection result is displayed on the output display device (8); the voice module (34) vocally prompts the detection result at the same time; the detection result is transmitted to the remote server (14) via the wireless communication module (12) for data management and information feedback.