An electronic substrate with heat dissipation structure includes a substrate plate and at least one heat pipe. The substrate plate includes a wiring layer, a grounding layer and an insulation layer from top to bottom. The wiring layer has at least one heat-producing element mounted thereon, and is formed with a receiving hole for the heat pipe to tightly fit therein. Heat produced by the heat-producing element and distributed over a high-temperature zone of the substrate plate surrounding the heat-producing element is absorbed by the heat pipe and then transferred to a low-temperature zone of the substrate plate distant from the heat-producing element, from where the heat is dissipated into ambient air to achieve cooling effect at upgraded heat dissipation efficiency.