A method for calculating the number and moving direction of pedestrians is provided. in which feature points of a current frame image are extracted; the feature points of the current frame image are compared with those of a selected historical frame image, to obtain moving feature points of the current frame image; directional weighted counting is performed on the moving feature points of the current frame image to obtain the moving direction of the pedestrians; and edge points of pedestrian images are extracted from a foreground image of the current frame image, and performing joint weighted counting on the edge points of the pedestrian images and the moving feature points of the current frame image according to correction coefficients of locations of the respective points, to obtain the number of the pedestrians. A device for calculating the number and moving direction of pedestrians is also provided.