A medical image processing apparatus according to an embodiment includes a detection unit, a generating unit, and an associating unit. The detection unit analyzes a first piece and a second piece of image data of a breast, and detects the positions of a chest wall and a nipple in each of the pieces of image data, wherein the first piece of image data is three-dimensional medical image data and the second piece of image data is medical image data of a different type from the first piece of image data. The generating unit generates a first sectional image and a second sectional image based on the first piece and second piece of image data, respectively. The associating unit associates the positional relation of the breast in the pieces of image data so that the positions of the chest wall and the nipple match between the pieces of image data.