The present invention relates to novel vitroceramic or lens compositions that are nanostructured and transparent or translucent, including at least 97%, such as 97% to 100%, preferably 99% to 100%, by weight, relative to the total weight of the material, of a composition having the following formula I: (GeO2)x(SiO2)y(B2O3)z(Ga2O3)a(Oxy1)b(Oxy2)k (I) where Oxy1 is an oxide selected from ZnO, MgO, NbO2.5, WO3, NiO, SnO, TiO2, BiO1.5, AgO, CaO, MnO, or a mixture thereof, selected preferably from ZnO, MgO, NbO2.5, WO3, NiO, SnO, AgO, CaO, MnO, or a mixture thereof, selected more preferably from ZnO, MgO, AgO, BiO1.5, NbO2.5, Or a mixture thereof, selected most preferably from ZnO, MgO, AgO, NbO2.5, or a mixture thereof, and Oxy2 is an oxide selected from Na2O, K2O or a mixture thereof, Oxy2 is preferably Na2O, and x, y, z, a, b and k are as defined in claim 1, to the manufacturing method thereof and to the uses thereof in the field of optics.