A battery pack having a battery module, a thermoelectric heat pump, and a cooling manifold is provided. The battery module has a first battery cell, a housing, and a first solid cooling fin. A first panel portion of the first solid cooling fin is disposed against the first battery cell. A second panel portion of the first solid cooling fin is disposed on an outer surface of the housing and is coupled to an end portion of the first panel portion. A first side of the thermoelectric heat pump is disposed against the second panel portion, and a second side of the thermoelectric heat pump is disposed against the cooling manifold. The thermoelectric heat pump transfers heat energy from the first solid cooling fin to the cooling manifold in response to a first electrical current flowing through the thermoelectric heat pump in a first direction, to reduce a temperature level of the first battery cell.