Disclosed herein are a spectrum sensing apparatus and method for a cognitive radio (CCR) network in a non-Gaussian noise environment and an FC apparatus and CCR system using the same. The cooperative cognitive radio (CCR) system includes M cognitive radios (CRs), and a fusion center (FC). Each of the M CRs samples a baseband signal obtained by down-converting a radio signal detected in the corresponding frequency spectrum, and generates spectrum sensing information (SSI) indicating that a PU signal has been detected based on the results of the sampling. The FC determines a joint threshold λFC that can maximize an expected average throughput of a secondary user (SU) signal in a given communication environment including a maximum interference condition, calculates a joint test statistic from received M pieces of SSI, and determines whether the PU signal is present by comparing the calculated joint test statistic with the joint threshold.