A heat dissipation structure of wearable electronic device includes a wearable main body and a wearable strap body connected with the wearable main body. The wearable main body includes a receiving space, a circuit board and multiple electronic components arranged on the circuit board. At least one of the electronic components is a heat source. The wearable strap body has a heat conduction section and a protection section enclosing the heat conduction section. A section of the heat conduction section is exposed to an interior of the receiving space without being enclosed by the protection section. The exposed section of the heat conduction section is in contact with the corresponding heat source on the circuit board so as to greatly enhance the heat dissipation performance of the wearable electronic device.