The invention relates to a method of analyzing a plurality of ferromagnetic particles (1). The method comprises the following steps: a) aligning the particles (1) of this plurality in such a manner that each of the particles is oriented substantially in the same direction; b) fixing the particles (1) of said plurality in the alignment; c) exposing the internal regions of the particles (1) as aligned in this way; d) determining the nature of each of the particles and grouping the particles by category as a function of their natures; and e) in each category, determining the metallurgical structure and the chemical composition of one or more of the particles.