Provided is an anti-theft apparatus for a mobile device that does not disturb a customer when he or she observes and tests a mobile device in a shop and which can be efficiently used with various types of mobile devices. The anti-theft apparatus for a mobile device includes: a base attached to a back surface of a mobile device; a connecting terminal provided in a rear side of the base and connected to an access port of the mobile device; a separation sensor sensing separation of the mobile device from the base; and a distance control unit controlling the distance between the base and the connecting terminal.