An aromatic polycarbonate resin composition for a fluorescence detection and analysis substrate by which autofluorescence of an aromatic polycarbonate resin, which has been avoided as a resin for a fluorescence detection and analysis substrate due to a critical defect thereof of having fluorescence in a visible light wavelength region, is significantly decreased, and is highly heat-resistant and highly transparent; and a fluorescence detection and analysis substrate produced by melt molding performed on the aromatic polycarbonate resin composition. A polycarbonate resin composition, including a polycarbonate resin synthesized by an interfacial polymerization method, wherein the polycarbonate resin composition fulfills formula (1) below with respect to fluorescence emission of the composition when being excited by light having a wavelength of 290 nm, |{F(310)−F(450)}/{F(400)−F(450)}|≧40  formula (1) where F(310), F(400) and F(410) are respectively fluorescence emission intensities at wavelengths of 310 nm, 400 nm and 450 nm.