An imaging lens is constituted by, in order from the object side to the image side, a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group, and a positive third lens group. During focusing operations, the first lens group and the third lens group are fixed, while the second lens group moves. The first lens group has a cemented lens formed by cementing a positive lens and a negative lens together. The second lens group is constituted by two or fewer lenses. The third lens group is constituted by three or more lenses. The surface toward the object side of at least one of the first and second lenses from the object side within the third lens group is concave. A negative lens having a concave surface toward the object side is provided most toward the image side. A predetermined conditional formula is satisfied.