A luminance-chrominance calibration production line includes: a rail; multiple stations disposed along the rail and including multiple first darkroom stations; multiple image acquisition apparatuses respectively disposed in the first darkroom stations and for capturing different color images sequentially displayed by a to-be-calibrated LED display module loaded on the rail to acquire color image data; and a rail computer system for controlling a transport movement on the rail and controlling the to-be-calibrated LED display module to display the different color images, and being signally connected to the image acquisition apparatuses to obtain the color image data. By using multiple image acquisition apparatuses to collect various color image information of LED display module in pipelined manner, calibration efficiency is improved, data collection is accurate, data collection error caused by using different image acquisition apparatuses to calibrate different LED display modules is avoided and calibration manpower is reduced.