An air exchange device includes: an air-guiding tube having a first end and a second end opposite to each other, with the first end having a first inlet and a first outlet, and with the second end having a second inlet and a second outlet; a partition arranged inside the air-guiding tube to divide the inside of the air-guiding tube into a first air-guiding space communicating with the first and second inlets and a second air-guiding space communicating with the first and second outlets; a first filter arranged in a position adjacent to the first inlet; a second filter arranged in a position adjacent to the second inlet; and at least one fan adapted to draw and expel air and combined with the air-guiding tube. Bores of meshes of the first filter are larger than bores of meshes of the second filter.